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The Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project Officially Commences
On July 7, 2022, the Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project officially commenced construction. 
The Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project is the first major follow-up project under the South-to-North Water Diversion Scheme to commence construction. Upon completion, the project will link the South-to-North Water Diversion Project with the Three Gorges Project, further opening up the Yangtze River’s water-transmission corridor to northern China, increasing the volume of water diverted northward under Phase I of the Central Route, enhancing the reliability of water supply along the Central Route, and accelerating the development of the national water network’s main framework and trunk lines. At the same time, the project will also replenish water in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River, playing a crucial role in improving the Han River basin’s capacity for water resource allocation and in enhancing the aquatic ecological environment in the river’s middle and lower reaches.
The Yangtze–Han Water Diversion Project is a large-scale water-transfer project that diverts water from the Yangtze River to the Han River. The project has a total length of 195 kilometers and a total static investment of RMB 58.235 billion. It is under the supervision of the Ministry of Water Resources, with the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission serving as the lead agency for overall project planning and design. Due to topographical constraints, the entire conveyance system consists of tunnels, each with a cross-sectional opening of 13 meters. The geological conditions are extremely complex, and even under optimal circumstances, the total construction period is estimated to be approximately nine years. The Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project is a follow-up initiative to the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. According to the Project Plan, the project is designed to divert an average of 3.87 billion cubic meters of water from the Yangtze River over multiple years, with a net replenishment of 3.67 billion cubic meters after accounting for transmission losses.
The Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project is currently China’s longest pressurized water-diversion tunnel under construction, with a single-tunnel length of 194.3 kilometers; it also boasts the largest tunnel diameter among all long-distance water-diversion tunnels under construction in China, with an equivalent diameter of 10.2 meters; it represents the project with the greatest number of large-diameter TBMs deployed simultaneously—nine TBM units, each with a diameter of 12 meters; it has the largest excavation volume of any water-diversion tunnel under construction, with a total excavated volume approaching 30 million cubic meters per tunnel; it features the highest design diversion flow rate among long-distance pressurized water-diversion tunnels under construction, at 212 cubic meters per second; and it is the most complex long-distance water-diversion tunnel currently under construction, with a maximum burial depth of 1,182 meters, where sections buried deeper than 600 meters account for 45% of the total, posing multiple challenges such as severe rock bursts, sudden mud and water inflows, major fault zones, soft-rock deformation, high temperatures, and the presence of toxic gases.
Keywords:
South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Yangtze-to-Han River Diversion Project
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