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Conventional Operating Procedures for Gantry Cranes
Gantry Crane It is primarily used for outdoor and loading/unloading operations. While the gantry crane is in normal operation—especially before starting work—it is essential to conduct a comprehensive inspection, thoroughly familiarize oneself with the correct operating procedures and techniques, and ensure that the equipment performs at its optimal level. Next, let’s take a look at the standard operational modes for routine gantry crane operations!
Prior to assembling the portal frame of a gantry crane, inspect the dimensions and assembly numbers of all components, clean the mating surfaces of the web plates at each joint, and correct any local deformations to ensure the quality of the portal frame assembly. The segmented top and bottom girders, end girders, and main girders should be assembled into a complete unit on the ground assembly platform whenever possible to minimize high-altitude work; straightness shall be verified by string-line measurement, with a maximum allowable deviation of 2.0 mm.
When using wire ropes to measure the camber or elevation of the main girder during operation of a gantry crane, the effect of the wire rope’s self-weight deflection shall be corrected, and the wire rope diameter, tension, and spacing shall comply with the relevant regulations. If bolted or high-strength bolted connections are used, their construction shall also comply with the relevant regulations.
Gantry cranes are generally installed in a bottom-up sequence. First, the traveling trolley and the lower girder are mounted on the rails; then, the flexible legs and rigid legs are installed on each side, with temporary guy ropes used to stabilize the legs. The truss girders must be assembled on site first; the trolley track can serve as the horizontal datum, allowing the assembled girders to be placed horizontally on the track. During assembly of the main girder, care must be taken to maintain the camber at mid-span to compensate for the deflection caused by self-weight.
Prior to lifting operations, precise calculations must be performed on the main girder of the gantry crane, and the lifting-point locations and loads for the auxiliary crane must be determined accordingly. When two cranes are used for lifting, the load should be reasonably distributed based on the lifting capacity of the auxiliary crane, with the lifting load on each auxiliary crane not exceeding 80% of its allowable capacity. If the main girder is relatively heavy, the hoisting mechanism, hoisting trolley, and operator’s cab may be installed after the main girder has been erected.
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